Scientists Are excited because they might have caught a glimpse of something altogether new. New research shows there is a hidden force in nature. Last week scientists at LHC (Switzerland) tweeted that they found a new force.
Today the @LHCbExperiment at CERN announced new results which, if confirmed, would suggest hints of a violation of the Standard Model of particle physics 😮https://t.co/uf40WPJk27
— CERN (@CERN) March 23, 2021
The current theory that best describes the nature of particles is called the Standard Model.
It is the unification of three of the four fundamental forces of nature. Since the 1960s, the Standard Model has stood several tests of time. Using this theory, scientists predicted the existence of the Higgs boson (God particle). It took more than 40 years and $13.25 billion to search for this exotic particle. The last missing piece of the Standard Model, the Higgs boson was discovered in 2012.
However, this model is not the final word on the composition of the universe. It does not account for dark matter and dark energy that make up 96% of the observable universe. Hence, the goal of the LHC at CERN is to search for physics beyond the Standard Model. And now, Scientists have observed yet another unusual phenomenon in physics.
The Standard Model of Particles |
To understand this exciting discovery, there are two things you must know: Quarks & Leptons.
Quarks are the smallest particles in nature. There are six quarks in the Standard Model. Different combinations of these quarks make up other particles, such as protons. Then we have Leptons. There are six leptons in the Standard Model. The famous is the electron that orbits the atomic nucleus inside an atom. Other leptons are muon, tau, and three types of neutrinos.
There are several ways in which composite particles can decay into other fundamental particles.
The scientists were studying the decay of a particle that contains the beauty quarks. The decay of these particles called the B meson has shaken the scientists at CERN. It was expected that B-meson would decay into an electron and a muon with equal probability. However, scientists found that nature favors the decay into electrons more than muons.
There might be a hidden force that is hindering the decay of the B-meson into muons. If it turns out to be accurate, then this will break the law of lepton universality. And it will be another evidence against the Standard Model.
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